Introduction to Digital Photography

 

David Schwaegler

Former Music Teacher

Computer Software Developer

Professional Photographer

Naturalist

http://www.davidschwaegler.com

http://www.lithfen.org

 

Traditional (film based) and digital photography have many topics in common:

Good light

Composition

Interesting and clearly defined subject

To learn more: http://www.kodak.com

 

Topics Unique to Digital Photography

 Sharing your images with others

 Choosing an appropriate resolution

 Long-term storage

 

Sharing by Email

Attaching or embedding:  Attaching may require the recipient to have more knowledge.

Use "Copy To…"

Choose an appropriate resolution.  Computer screens do not require high resolution.  Sending a high-resolution image will needlessly take more time to transmit.

           

Prints

Use a commercial photo lab at Wal-Mart or Target for example.

Use Kodak printing station.

Upload to a web based photo lab.

 

Be your own photo lab.

Computer: Photo editing requires more memory and processing than other applications.

Software:

Adobe Photoshop Elements

http://www.adobe.com/products/photoshopel/main.html

Paintshop Pro http://www.jasc.com/

 

Printer: Epson, Canon, HP


Share by Using a Website

            Use a commercial website such as http://www.ofoto.com

            Roll your own (An advanced topic)

                        Microsoft Frontpage http://www.microsoft.com/office/frontpage/prodinfo/

                        Macromedia Dreamweaver http://www.dreamweaver.com/

                        http://www.indianpondnh.com uses Frontpage.

 

 

Make a Digital Movie

Several software applications are available to help you present a sequence of still images with professional looking transitions.  You can even add audio.

Quicktime Pro from Apple Computer ($30)

http://www.apple.com/quicktime/upgrade/

PicturesToExe ($40)

http://www.wnsoft.com/apr/

Slide Show Movie Maker (Free)

http://www.joern-thiemann.de/tools/ssmm/

 

Choosing an Appropriate Resolution

            For prints

            For Email

            For a website

 

Resolution Defined

All digital images are a matrix (checkerboard) of dots termed pixels (picture elements).  Resolution refers to the number of dots that are contained in the image.  This number is often quantified in millions of pixels, for example 2 mega pixels.  Other factors such as noise and good color being equal, the quality of an image depends on the presence of a "sufficient" number of pixels.

 

What is sufficient depends on the output device (monitor or printer) and size you want to present.

 

 

Resolution for Prints

Printers are high resolution devices that require lots of pixels closely packed to produce good results.  Photo editing software allows you to change how closely the pixels are spaced.  The minimum spacing that looks sharp is about 200 dots (pixels) per inch (dpi) while optimum dpi is about 360.

 

To print an adequate image at 4 by 6 we need:

4 x 200 = 800 dots by 6 x 200 = 1200 dots

800 x 1200 = 960,000 pixels (1 mega pixels).

At the optimum resolution of 360 dpi we would need about 3 mega pixels.

 

Consumer digital cameras commonly come in 2, 3, and 4 mega pixel models.  Consumer photo printers can produce prints about 8 x 11, so 4 mega pixel cameras are quite adequate even for these generous sized prints.

 

Resolution for Email and Websites

In contrast to photo printers, computer monitors are low resolution devices.  They show images at just 72 dpi.  Common monitor resolutions are: 640 x 480, 800 x 600, and 1024 x 768.

 

Most digital cameras allow you to select from among several resolutions.  If you plan to print the images, you should choose a high resolution.  You can use photo editing software to reduce the resolution to create a copy appropriate for email or the web.

 

Long-term Storage

By long-term I mean 100 years or more!  By this definition, I believe the only practical method is to print the images using excellent paper with archival inks.  Any technical solution, such as CD-ROM, is doomed to obsolescence.  Remember 8-track tapes?

http://www.epson.com

For shorter term storage I recommend external hard drives.  At $1.25 per gigabyte, they are cheaper and more reliable than CDs or DVDs.

http://www.maxtor.com

 

Summary

 

You can contact me at schwaegler@aol.com

Or visit http://www.davidschwaegler.com